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From module Algebra Basics
Consider the operation ∗*∗ defined by the following table: ∗12341123422413334424321\begin{matrix}*&1&2&3&4\\ 1&1&2&3&4\\ 2&2&4&1&3\\ 3&3&4&4&2\\ 4&3&2&1\end{matrix}∗12341123322442331414432 For example, 3∗2=13 * 2 = 13∗2=1. Then (2∗4)∗(1∗3)=(2 * 4) * (1 * 3) =(2∗4)∗(1∗3)= [See figure in original PDF]
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